Beneath the sparkling waters of the Maltese Islands lies a vibrant yet often overlooked marine treasure; the surmullet (Mullus surmuletus, Maltese: Trilja tal-faxxi). With its shimmering red and golden tones, this elegant fish bears a striking resemblance to the popular bristle nose catfish seen in aquariums. But here, it swims freely through the sandy seabed of the Mediterranean.

Ranging from 12 to 40 cm in length, the surmullet is easily recognised by its slender, reddish-brown body, horizontal stripes, faint vertical bands and two prominent chin barbels. These sensory barbels allow it to detect and dig out hidden prey such as small crustaceans, worms, and molluscs.

More than just a beautiful fish, the surmullet plays a vital role in the marine ecosystem. As it feeds, it stirs up the seafloor sediment, helping to recycle nutrients and maintain balance in benthic habitats; a service crucial to marine biodiversity.

However, the surmullet is under growing threat from overfishing, particularly in the Mediterranean. Many are caught before reaching maturity, endangering their populations and the health of the ecosystem they support.

Raising awareness is key. By understanding and protecting species like the surmullet, we take a step toward safeguarding our oceans. Initiatives such as the Ċirkewwa Marine Park, managed by Nature Trust – FEE Malta and supported by the Malta Tourism Authority, are helping lead the way.

Let’s protect the surmullet, and with it, the future of our seas!