With temperatures in Malta set to soar over 40°C this weekend, the national health authorities have issued the following advice on how people can avoid the effects of the heat wave.

1.Keep out of the heat by avoiding going out during hot periods of the day, usually between 11:00am and 4:00pm

2.Stay cool by staying in the coolest parts of the home and work

3.Close curtains in rooms that face the sun to keep indoor spaces cooler.

4.Drink plenty of water to replace fluids lost through sweating and eat more cold food such as salads

5.Avoid dehydrating liquids. Alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated soft drinks can make the situation worse.

6.Wear light loose fitting clothing.

7.Avoid physical exertion in the hottest parts of the day; either opt for indoor physical activity or carry out your physical activity in the morning when it is coolest.

8.Walk in the shade, apply sunscreen, and wear a hat if you must go out in the heat.

9.Never leave anyone in a closed, parked vehicle, especially infants, young children or animals.

10.Stay in an air-conditioned room, when possible.

11.Seek medical advice if you have any concerns.

Cooling centres in various localities have also been activated for the elderly who may not have access to them at home. People can acquire further official health advice by calling 21231231, or 112 for in emergency situations such as heat stroke.

The health authorities have also urged people travelling to Europe this summer to carry a refillable water bottle with them when going out during the day and to sip frequently even if you do not feel thirsty.

They also recommend eating several small meals throughout the day instead of large meals, ideally fruits and salads, and to visit tourist attractions in the cooler mornings or evenings