The Mediterranean shore crab (Carcinus aestuarii, Maltese: Granċ tax-xatt Mediterran) is a small but fascinating crustacean that thrives in the rocky intertidal zones of the Mediterranean, including Malta. Quick, hardy, and constantly on the move, these crabs dart between rocks and seaweed as waves crash around them, perfectly adapted to life where land meets sea.

Adults typically measure 6–7 cm across the carapace. Their flat, broad shells and strong claws allow them to move swiftly both in water and on land. Their colours, ranging from greenish to brown with mottled patterns, help them blend seamlessly with rocks and algae, providing camouflage from predators.

Mediterranean shore crabs are opportunistic feeders. They consume algae, detritus, molluscs, worms, and other small animals, playing a crucial role in maintaining the balance of coastal ecosystems. Their ability to tolerate a wide range of salinities and temperatures allows them to thrive in tidal pools, estuaries, and lagoons, while their sideways scuttling makes them notoriously tricky to catch.

Although common, these crabs are part of a fragile coastal ecosystem. Disturbing their hiding spots under rocks or in algae can harm not only the crabs but also other marine life. Observing them in their natural habitat, whether during a coastal walk or while snorkelling, is a chance to appreciate their resilience, agility, and the delicate balance of life along the shoreline.

Next time you explore Malta’s rocky coasts, keep an eye out for these remarkable little coast crawlers - quick, clever, and vital to the Mediterranean marine environment.

When was the last time you saw a crab in Malta?