The cities of Vittoriosa, Senglea and Cospicua (also referred to in Maltese as Birgu, Isla and Bormla respectively), are commonly known as the Three Cities, and are replete with some of the most historically significant architecture on the islands outside of Valletta. Also known collectively as Cottonera – after Grand Master Cottoner, who funded the fortifications in defence of the cities – they played a vital role in several chapters of Malta’s history.

The best starting point to experience the Three Cities is at Dock 1 in Cospicua, which is accessible on foot, but is absolutely breath-taking when approached by boat, via a ferry service from Valletta (www.vallettaferryservice.com).

Here, the landscaped walkway serves as a bridge between the cities’ promenades, and is perfect for a leisurely stroll. As you will discover, each direction offers its own allure. The pedestrian bridge at the mouth of the dock will take you to the second city of the three, Senglea, via the scenic Senglea Waterfront, while staying on the main walkway will lead you to the Vittoriosa Waterfront. If you’re feeling peckish, this is definitely the way to go, as the picturesque promenade is lined with eateries boasting stunning views of the marina opposite.

At the tip of the Vittoriosa Waterfront, the imposing Fort St Angelo beckons. It’s open to the public, and offers a fascinating chance to see the mighty bastions up close. Symbolising Malta’s fortitude throughout history, it is well worth a visit to understand the island’s diverse past.

The fort is certainly not the only attraction the majestic city of Vittoriosa has to offer, though. Chosen by the Order of the Knights of St John as their first seat of power upon arriving in Malta in 1530, it’s been described as ‘the cradle of Maltese history’, and for good reason – countless palaces, churches and other historic buildings still line its streets, despite suffering extensive damage during the Great Siege of 1565 and later World War II. Among them are St Lawrence Church (designed by Malta’s most prominent Baroque architect, Lorenzo Gafà), the Inquisitor’s Palace, the Bishop’s Palace and the marvellous Collachio.

Meanwhile, if you happen to visit on a Sunday, a stop at the Birgu flea market is a must. Not only is it an opportunity to unearth a hidden gem among the trinkets and bric-a-brac on offer, but also a chance to mingle with the locals, many of whom consider it a weekly pilgrimage.

Next, head over to the smallest of the Three Cities, Senglea, which earned itself the title Civitas Invicta (Unconquered City) from Grand Master Jean de la Valette for being the only city that remained unconquered during the Great Siege. Here, a visit to the serene Gardjola Gardens is recommended. Planned in 1551 by Grand Master de la Sengle, they deliver unobstructed views of Valletta. Another must-see is Our Lady of Victories Basilica, after which you can take in the sea air along the Senglea Waterfront.

If all this sounds like a little too much walking for your taste, a tour in a traditional Maltese boat, known as dghajsa tal-pass (www.maltaboattours.com), offers staggering views and a unique perspective of the land from the sea, and makes for an equally fascinating way to explore the cities and Grand Harbour.

While you’re in the area, the quiet town of Kalkara, just outside the Three Cities, offers a different experience entirely. Rife with local charm, it’s also home to Malta’s only interactive science centre, Esplora, a fun and educational spot that’s ideal for family outings.

Nature lovers will also enjoy this side of the island, with its wild and rugged landscapes. Starting from Wied iz-Zurrieq, which is arguably one of the most scenic sites in Malta, make time for a boat ride to the stunning Blue Grotto, or hike down the valley of Wied Babu for some fantastic countryside.

Finally, the fishing village of Marsaxlokk awaits further along the south-eastern coast. This picturesque spot is the ideal location to observe the local fishermen at work on their colourful and traditional luzzu (fishing boat). It’s also a great place to do a little shopping, thanks to its morning market, as well as to indulge in a seafood feast at one of the popular restaurants along its promenade.